The report analyzes Spain’s network media economy between 2019 and 2022, highlighting a 7.34% revenue increase to €29.14 billion, driven by digital growth in streaming services (up 189.1%) and internet advertising (up 30.2%), while traditional sectors like press and telecommunications declined. Online video services, radio, and the music industry show high market concentration, dominated by major players like Netflix, Prisa, and Universal Music, while core internet sectors are controlled by tech giants such as Google and Meta. Telecommunications remain highly concentrated, with Telefónica leading the market. The report emphasizes the need for regulatory policies to boost competition, support digital innovation, and address the challenges posed by market dominance.

Recommended citation: Izquierdo-Castillo, J., Miguel-De-Bustos, J. C., & Adanero-García, R. (2024). “Media and Internet Concentration in Spain, 2019–2022.” Global Media and Internet Concentration Project. https://doi.org/10.22215/gmicp/2024.12.724.